Quick Start

This chapter is for impatient people who don't like reading documentation. For more in-depth information you are kindly referred to subsequent chapters.

  1. Install Nix by running the following:

    $ curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh

    The install script will use sudo, so make sure you have sufficient rights. On Linux, --daemon can be omitted for a single-user install.

    For other installation methods, see here.

  2. See what installable packages are currently available in the channel:

    $ nix-env -qaP
nixpkgs.docbook_xml_dtd_43                    docbook-xml-4.3
nixpkgs.docbook_xml_dtd_45                    docbook-xml-4.5
nixpkgs.firefox                               firefox-33.0.2
nixpkgs.hello                                 hello-2.9
nixpkgs.libxslt                               libxslt-1.1.28
…

  3. Install some packages from the channel:

    $ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.hello

    This should download pre-built packages; it should not build them locally (if it does, something went wrong).

  4. Test that they work:

    $ which hello
/home/eelco/.nix-profile/bin/hello
$ hello
Hello, world!

  5. Uninstall a package:

    $ nix-env -e hello

  6. You can also test a package without installing it:

    $ nix-shell -p hello

    This builds or downloads GNU Hello and its dependencies, then drops you into a Bash shell where the hello command is present, all without affecting your normal environment:

    [nix-shell:~]$ hello
Hello, world!

[nix-shell:~]$ exit

$ hello
hello: command not found

  7. To keep up-to-date with the channel, do:

    $ nix-channel --update nixpkgs
$ nix-env -u '*'

    The latter command will upgrade each installed package for which there is a “newer” version (as determined by comparing the version numbers).

  8. If you're unhappy with the result of a nix-env action (e.g., an upgraded package turned out not to work properly), you can go back:

    $ nix-env --rollback

  9. You should periodically run the Nix garbage collector to get rid of unused packages, since uninstalls or upgrades don't actually delete them:

    $ nix-collect-garbage -d